2011年12月22日星期四

英文翻譯短語的意義

英文翻譯短語的意義
我們尊敬的是他的人品,而不是日文翻譯他的財富。
what he is =his character
what he has = his property
It is not a question how much a man knows, but use what he can make of what he knows; not a question of what he has acquired, and how he has been trained, but of what he is, and what he can do。
問題不在于一個人知道多少,而在于他能否運用他的知識;問題不在于他所學爲何,受過怎樣的教育,而在于他的人品,以及他的能力。
21。what + 名詞 / what + little + 名詞
He gave me what money he had about him。他把他身上所有的錢都給了我。
I gave him what little mony I had。我竭盡綿薄之力將僅有的錢都給了他。
what + 名詞 含有“all the 。。。。that”或“that。。。。which”含義。譯爲“所有的。。。。”,what做關系代名詞。
what英文翻譯 + little(few等一類詞) + 名詞 含有“雖少但全部”或“所僅有的”
She saved what little money she could out of her slim salary to help her brother go to school。

22。what with。。。。。。。。and what with / what by 。。。。。。 and what by
What with illness and what with losses, he is almost ruined。半因爲生病,半因爲虧損,他幾乎整個兒毀了。
What by brikes and what by extortions, he made money。
或由受賄,或由勒索,他發財了。
此爲what的副詞用法,可譯爲“多少(=somewhat)”、“半(=patrly翻譯社)”
what with。。。。。。。。and what with表示“原因”
what by 。。。。。。 and what by表示“手段”
What with overwork and under-nourishment he fell ill。
由于過勞,加上營養不足,他終于病倒了。
23。if any
1)He despises honour, if any one does。世界上真有人輕視榮譽的話,他便是一個。
2)He has little, if any, money。他即令有錢,也是極少的。
if any , if ever 意思是公證“果真有,即令有的話”,相當于if there is (are) any at all。。它通常是伴隨有little, few, seldom等准否定詞。與此相近的用法還有if anything,意思是“if at all”或“if there is any difference”,可以譯爲“倘若有異同,如果稍有區別的話”。還有“if a day”意思是“at least”。
There is little , if any , hope。希望甚微。
It occurs seldom, if ever( = seldom or never)。真有其事,也不常發生。
If anything, he is a little better today。如有什麽不同,他比昨天好了一點。
The greatness has little, if anything, to do with rank or power。真正的偉大是和權力與地位毫無關系的。

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